What You Know Changes What and How You See

Under the Cortex

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תוכן מסופק על ידי psychologicalscience. כל תוכן הפודקאסטים כולל פרקים, גרפיקה ותיאורי פודקאסטים מועלים ומסופקים ישירות על ידי psychologicalscience או שותף פלטפורמת הפודקאסט שלהם. אם אתה מאמין שמישהו משתמש ביצירה שלך המוגנת בזכויות יוצרים ללא רשותך, אתה יכול לעקוב אחר התהליך המתואר כאן https://he.player.fm/legal.

Species Unite

1
Jeff Kerr: Our First Amendment Right to Receive Communications (from Monkeys) 30:14

לפני 14 ימים30:14

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30:14

"It is a scientific fact that these macaques, like all other primates, including humans, are communicating. They communicate in much the same way we do - facial expressions, vocalizations, body postures, those kinds of things." - Jeff Kerr Jeff Kerr is PETA foundations Chief Legal Officer. I asked him to come on the show to talk about one of PETA’s current lawsuits against the National Institutes of Health (NIH) and Nathional Institute of Mental Health (NIMH). PETA is arguing that the monkeys being tested on in a government run facility are capable of communication (or “are communicating”). And that we have a constitutional right under the First Amendment to receive their communications. This could be a game changer in allowing us to see what’s really going on in labs that are funded by taxpayer money, and which have so far been censored from public view. PETA’s lawsuit follows years of NIH’s attempts to deny Freedom of Information requests banning PETA executives from its campus and illegally censoring animal advocates’ speech on NIH’s public social media pages. Through the lawsuit, PETA is seeking a live audio-visual feed to see and hear real-time communications from the macaques who have been kept isolated, used in fear experiments, and had posts cemented into their heads. Anthropologists and other scientists have studied macaque and other primate communications for decades and know that the monkeys communicate effectively and intentionally through lip smacking, fear grimaces, body language, and various cries and sounds—all of which constitute speech under the law. Primatologists can analyze that speech on a deeper level to share their stories with the world.…

לפני שנתיים 15:44

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Can what we know about an object change the way we see it? Or the way we feel about it? If so, could that be because different brain areas process different features of any given object, such as what we know about its uses?

In this episode of Under the Cortex, APS’s Ludmila Nunes speaks with Dick Dubbelde, a recent postdoc and adjunct professor of psychology and neuroscience at George Washington University, about how quickly and how well we process different objects. “In an environment such as surgery, where small spatial details are super important, or in an environment like driving, where reaction time is super important, those little differences can add up, especially at the societal scale,” Dubbelde explains. He explores this research more fully in an article he coauthored with Sarah Shomstein in Psychological Science: “Mugs and Plants: Object Semantic Knowledge Alters Perceptual Processing With Behavioral Ramifications.”

124 פרקים

#Science #Social Sciences #psychologicalscience

What You Know Changes What and How You See

Under the Cortex

27 subscribers

published לפני שנתיים

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MP3•בית הפרקים

124 פרקים

#Science #Social Sciences #psychologicalscience

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Under the Cortex

1
Bridging Research and Editorial Vision: A Conversation with Arturo Hernandez 27:54

לפני 17 hours27:54

27:54

How do the roles of researcher and editor inform each other? What can this intersection tell us about the future of psychological science? In this episode of Under the Cortex, Arturo Hernandez, Professor of Psychology at the University of Houston and editor for Perspectives on Psychological Science, joins host Özge Gürcanlı Fischer Baum to reflect on the dynamic relationship between scientific discovery and scientific communication. Drawing from his research on bilingualism and brain plasticity, Hernandez shares how his experiences in the lab and at the editor’s desk have shaped his views on innovation, interdisciplinarity, and the evolving needs of the field. If you're interested in learning more about this research, visit psychologicalscience.org. Send us your thoughts and questions at underthecortex@psychologicalscience.org.…

Under the Cortex

1
Real-Time Research: How the Experience Sampling Method Is Changing Psychology 25:22

לפני 15 ימים25:22

25:22

How do you design a study that captures human experience as it unfolds in real time? In this episode, Under the Cortex explores the Experience Sampling Method (ESM), a powerful approach for studying psychological processes. Host Özge Gürcanlı Fischer-Baum is joined by Jessica Fritz from Osnabruck University, and Marilyn Piccirillo from the Rutgers Addiction Research Center and Brain Health Institute, who are among the coauthors of a new article published in Advances in Methods and Practices in Psychological Science. The paper outlines ten key design and implementation considerations for ESM studies, helping researchers apply this method with clarity, rigor, and real-world relevance. If you're interested in learning more about this research, visit psychologicalscience.org. Send us your thoughts and questions at underthecortex@psychologicalscience.org.…

Under the Cortex

1
Why Do Emotions Hijack Our Decisions? The Neuroscience of Impulsivity 28:23

לפני 29 ימים28:23

28:23

Why do some people struggle to control their actions when emotions run high? What happens in the brain when impulsive decisions take over? Why do some brains lose control under high arousal, while others stay composed? In this episode of Under the Cortex, host Özge Gürcanlı Fischer-Baum speaks with Matthew V. Elliott from the University of California at Berkeley. Elliott’s study published in APS’s journal Clinical Psychological Science explores the science of emotion-related impulsivity —a trait linked to psychiatric disorders, aggression, and even suicidality. Fischer Baum and Elliott discuss how a new model of brain function, the GANE model, helps explain why heightened physiological arousal makes it harder for some people to regulate their emotions, what norepinephrine does to “hotspot” brain regions, and what this means for mental health treatments. If you're interested in learning more about this research, visit psychologicalscience.org. Send us your thoughts and questions at underthecortex@psychologicalscience.org…

Under the Cortex

1
Beyond Words: Why TalkBank is Crucial for Spoken Language Research 27:38

לפני 6 weeks27:38

27:38

Most linguistic datasets focus on written text, but what about the way we actually speak? TalkBank, the world’s largest open-access repository of spoken language, is helping researchers understand everything from child development to dementia, bilingualism, and even classroom learning. In this episode of Under the Cortex, host Ozge Gurcanli Fischer Baum speaks with Brian MacWhinney from the Carnegie Mellon University, who recently published an article in APS’s journal Current Directions in Psychological Science. MacWhinney, the creator of TalkBank, highlights how spoken language research is transforming our understanding of psychology and communication. The conversation evolves into the discussion of the importance of open-access language databases, the role of AI in analyzing speech, and the future of spoken language research across cultures and disciplines. If you're interested in learning more about this research, visit psychologicalscience.org. Send us your thoughts and questions at underthecortex@psychologicalscience.org…

Under the Cortex

1
Ensuring Research Validity: A Checklist for Stronger Science 15:57

לפני 8 weeks15:57

15:57

Scientific credibility depends on valid research. But with growing concerns about replication failures and questionable research practices, how can scientists ensure their findings stand up to scrutiny? In this episode, Under the Cortex explores the VALID checklist, a newly developed tool that helps researchers systematically assess the quality of their studies. Özge Gürcanlı Fischer Baum speaks with Susanne Kerschbaumer from the University of Vienna and asks how the checklist offers tailored guidance for different types of research designs. Kerschbaumer explains how the study published in APS’s journal Advances in Methods and Practices in Psychological Science addresses this important issue. Together, they discuss why validity is more than just good methodology, how researchers can avoid common pitfalls, and what the future of scientific rigor looks like. You can access the checklist using the following link: www.validchecklist.com If you're interested in learning more about this research, visit psychologicalscience.org. Send us your thoughts and questions at underthecortex@psychologicalscience.org…

Under the Cortex

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Young Minds, Smart Strategies: How Children Decide When to Use External Memory Aids 23:31

לפני 10 weeks23:31

23:31

Do young children prefer to rely on their memory, or do they take the easier route and use external aids like lists and reminders? How do they decide when to put in the mental effort and when to lean on available tools? In this episode of Under the Cortex, host Özge Gürcanlı Fischer Baum teams up with Zsuzsa Kaldy from the University of Massachusetts Boston. They discuss Kaldy’s study published in APS’s journal Psychological Science addressing how children balance memory with external help. The conversation evolves into what these findings reveal about cognitive development, and cultural differences in learning. If you're interested in learning more about this research, visit psychologicalscience.org. Send us your thoughts and questions at underthecortex@psychologicalscience.org…

Under the Cortex

1
Understanding Addiction: A General Liability or Unique Disorders? 23:56

לפני 12 weeks23:56

23:56

Is there a single explanation that accounts for all addictive behaviors, or is the reality more complex? How can quantitative classification methods help uncover the nuances of substance dependence? In this episode, APS's Özge Gürcanlı Fischer Baum speaks with Ashley Watts from Vanderbilt University about her recent research article in Clinical Psychological Science. They discuss how simple explanations to addictive behavior – like the General Addiction Liability theory – may be appealing for a unified treatment approach, but a deeper, more quantitively rich dive into the data draws a more heterogenous picture. The paper argues that addiction follows a more diverse pattern, and the conversation highlights what this approach to addiction means for future research and for treatment strategies. If you're interested in learning more about this research, visit psychologicalscience.org. Send us your thoughts and questions at underthecortex@psychologicalscience.org…

Under the Cortex

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Addressing Selection Bias in Disparities Research 23:25

לפני 14 weeks23:25

23:25

Psychological research often focuses on disparities, but how do the populations studied impact the reliability of findings? In this episode of Under the Cortex , Özge Gürcanlı Fischer Baum hosts Wen Wei Loh and Dongning Ren who recently published an article on this topic in APS’s journal Advances in Methods and Practices in Psychological Science. They discuss how non-representative samples can influence study conclusions and highlight solutions for strengthening study validity. If you're interested in learning more about this research, visit psychologicalscience.org. Send us your thoughts and questions at underthecortex@psychologicalscience.org…

Under the Cortex

1
Beyond Focus: How Attention Shapes Learning Differently for Children and Adults 24:01

לפני 16 weeks24:01

24:01

Children often surprise us with the details they remember—sometimes even better than adults! But what if their ability to learn comes not from focus, but from a broader, less selective attention? This episode unpacks research showing that while adults learn best when paying attention, children (ages 7-9) absorb information just as well, even when it’s irrelevant to their task. Could this be the secret behind their incredible learning abilities? In this episode of Under the Cortex, host Özge Gürcanlı Fischer Baum speaks with Marlie Tandoc from the University of Pennsylvania who recently published an article on learning and attention in APS’s journal Psychological Science. Together they discuss whether children’s weaker selective attention is a hidden strength by addressing findings on attention, memory, and childhood learning. If you're interested in learning more about this research, visit psychologicalscience.org. Send us your thoughts and questions at underthecortex@psychologicalscience.org…

Under the Cortex

1
Dosage Dilemma: Unpacking Meditation App Science 18:10

לפני 18 weeks18:10

18:10

Although meditation apps are gaining popularity, a clear link between usage dosage and intervention outcomes has yet to be established. In this episode of Under the Cortex, host Özge Gürcanlı Fischer Baum teams up with Simon Goldberg from the University of Wisconsin to explore a critical question: “How does the “dosage” of meditation app use impact mental health outcomes? Drawing from a randomized controlled trial with 662 participants published in APS’s journal Clinical Psychological Science, the conversation examines various ways to measure dosage and how these metrics relate to changes in psychological distress. If you're interested in learning more about this research, visit psychologicalscience.org. Send us your thoughts and questions at underthecortex@psychologicalscience.org.…

Under the Cortex

1
The Hidden Cost of Caregiving: Stress, Anxiety and Coping Mechanisms 23:37

לפני 20 weeks23:37

23:37

As populations age, the need for informal caregivers is increasing. As individuals step up to provide care for loved ones in need, they face their own mental health challenges. In this episode, Under the Cortex features Michael Kramer from the University of Zurich who recently published an article on this topic in APS’s journal Psychological Science . Özge Gürcanlı Fischer Baum starts the conversation with questions on the mental health decline of caregivers. Kramer highlights that caregiving doesn’t happen in isolation and discusses how contextual factors such as family conflicts and economic struggles play a significant role in the decline of overall well-being. If you're interested in learning more about this research, visit psychologicalscience.org. Send us your thoughts and questions at underthecortex@psychologicalscience.org.…

Under the Cortex

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2024 in Review: 10 Most Popular Articles from APS Journals 26:10

לפני 22 weeks26:10

26:10

How do the five love languages hold up to empirical research? How do psychological researchers feel about self-censorship? How does gender equality vary by country globally? Tune in to hear highlights from this year’s most popular research. In this episode, APS's Özge Gürcanlı Fischer Baum and Hannah Brown take turns describing the most downloaded articles in 2024 from APS’s five major journals. Together, they discussed the topics researchers focused on, the findings they uncovered, and the unique approaches to psychological research they employed. If you're interested in learning more about this research, visit psychologicalscience.org. Send us your thoughts and questions at underthecortex@psychologicalscience.org…

Under the Cortex

1
Building Bridges: Exploring Cooperation in Children 24:37

לפני 24 weeks24:37

24:37

When children play, how do they develop the essential skill of cooperation? What methods do they use to solve complex problems while working in teams? How do they approach a threshold dilemma when their personal interests are at odds with the team’s objectives? In this episode of Under the Cortex, host Özge Gürcanlı Fischer Baum speaks with Patricia Kanngiesser from the University of Plymouth. Kanngiesser, who is a cross-cultural and developmental psychologist, highlights the findings from a recent article in Psychological Science and discusses how children learn to navigate teamwork. If you're interested in learning more about this research, visit psychologicalscience.org. Send us your thoughts and questions at underthecortex@psychologicalscience.org.…

Under the Cortex

1
Heart Rates and Step Counts: A Novel Approach to Eating Disorder Care 24:01

לפני 26 weeks24:01

24:01

What potential do everyday devices, like smartwatches, have in transforming the management and treatment of eating disorders? In this episode, Under the Cortex explores how commonly used technology, such as heart rate monitors and step counters, can be used to understand binge-eating episodes. APS's Özge Gürcanlı Fischer Baum interviews Qinxin Shi from the University of Utah, whose research is featured in Clinical Psychological Science . Together, they discuss the potential implications of this innovative approach for identifying and treating eating disorders. If you're interested in learning more about this research, visit psychologicalscience.org. Send us your thoughts and questions at underthecortex@psychologicalscience.org…

Under the Cortex

1
Midlife-Onset Alcohol Dependence: Causes and Consequences 25:21

לפני 28 weeks25:21

25:21

What drives the onset of alcohol dependence in midlife? How does it present unique challenges, and what strategies can help when it disrupts the lives of individuals and their families? In this episode of Under the Cortex, host Özge Gürcanlı Fischer Baum speaks with Lara Khalifeh and Leah Richmond-Rakerd from the University of Michigan, authors of a recent article in Clinical Psychological Science . Together, they discuss the role of aging, life transitions, and retirement as possible contributors to the distinct profile of midlife-onset alcohol dependence. If you're interested in learning more about this research, visit psychologicalscience.org. Send us your thoughts and questions at underthecortex@psychologicalscience.org…

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