Talk Evidence podcast

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הוסף לפני four שנים

תוכן מסופק על ידי The BMJ. כל תוכן הפודקאסטים כולל פרקים, גרפיקה ותיאורי פודקאסטים מועלים ומסופקים ישירות על ידי The BMJ או שותף פלטפורמת הפודקאסט שלהם. אם אתה מאמין שמישהו משתמש ביצירה שלך המוגנת בזכויות יוצרים ללא רשותך, אתה יכול לעקוב אחר התהליך המתואר כאן https://he.player.fm/legal.

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Understanding the Elegant Math Behind Modern Machine Learning 1:14:43

לפני 10 ימים1:14:43

הפעל מאוחר יותר

רשימות

לייק

אהבתי

1:14:43

Artificial intelligence is evolving at an unprecedented pace—what does that mean for the future of technology, venture capital, business, and even our understanding of ourselves? Award-winning journalist and writer Anil Ananthaswamy joins us for our latest episode to discuss his latest book Why Machines Learn: The Elegant Math Behind Modern AI . Anil helps us explore the journey and many breakthroughs that have propelled machine learning from simple perceptrons to the sophisticated algorithms shaping today’s AI revolution, powering GPT and other models. The discussion aims to demystify some of the underlying mathematical concepts that power modern machine learning, to help everyone grasp this technology impacting our lives–even if your last math class was in high school. Anil walks us through the power of scaling laws, the shift from training to inference optimization, and the debate among AI’s pioneers about the road to AGI—should we be concerned, or are we still missing key pieces of the puzzle? The conversation also delves into AI’s philosophical implications—could understanding how machines learn help us better understand ourselves? And what challenges remain before AI systems can truly operate with agency? If you enjoy this episode, please subscribe and leave us a review on your favorite podcast platform. Sign up for our newsletter at techsurgepodcast.com for exclusive insights and updates on upcoming TechSurge Live Summits. Links: Read Why Machines Learn, Anil’s latest book on the math behind AI https://www.amazon.com/Why-Machines-Learn-Elegant-Behind/dp/0593185749 Learn more about Anil Ananthaswamy’s work and writing https://anilananthaswamy.com/ Watch Anil Ananthaswamy’s TED Talk on AI and intelligence https://www.ted.com/speakers/anil_ananthaswamy Discover the MIT Knight Science Journalism Fellowship that shaped Anil’s AI research https://ksj.mit.edu/ Understand the Perceptron, the foundation of neural networks https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perceptron Read about the Perceptron Convergence Theorem and its significance https://www.nature.com/articles/323533a0…

Talk Evidence

שתפו

בית הסדרות•Feed

The podcast for evidence based medicine - where research, guidance and practice are debated and demystified

77 פרקים

#Medicine #Research #Analysis #Data #Metaanalysis #Fitness #BMJ #Science #Physicians

Talk Evidence

18 subscribers

updated לפני 4 ימים

שתפו

בית הסדרות•Feed

The podcast for evidence based medicine - where research, guidance and practice are debated and demystified

77 פרקים

#Medicine #Research #Analysis #Data #Metaanalysis #Fitness #BMJ #Science #Physicians

כל הפרקים

1
Anti-HIV injections vs. oral medication, and best uses for AI in healthcare 30:49

לפני 4 ימים30:49

30:49

Helen Macdonald and Juan Franco are back, delving into some new evidence. Studies showing that bi-annual injection that could prevent HIV transmission sound incredible, but will the implementation research find that the tried and tested pill regime is better? Jen Manne-Goehler, Assistant Professor of Medicine at Brigham and Women's Hospital, explains all about Lenicaprovir . And while silicon valley tells us the future is AI, how can we trust the tools they produce? FUTURE-AI is an acronym and a potential answer, Karim Lekadir, director of the University of Barcelona’s Artificial intelligence in medicine lab, join us to explain what FUTURE-AI means, and why its principles are important in both the design and evaluation of machine learning. Reading list: HIV: Breakthrough study raises hopes of effective prevention if drug’s costs can be lowered. FUTURE-AI: International consensus guideline for trustworthy and deployable artificial intelligence in healthcare.…

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UTI dipstick tests, and the effects of staff turnover on patients 38:11

לפני 5 weeks38:11

38:11

In this first episode of 2025, hosts Helen MacDonald and Juan Franco focus on hospitals - asking how useful UTI dipstick tests really are for acutely ill patients, and what are the effects of staff turnover on patient care in NHS hospitals? 01:11 The use of dipsticks for acutely ill UTI patients 07:48 Interview with UTI paper author 17:26 Turnover of doctors and nurses and the effects on patient care 18:41 Interview with staff turnover paper author 29:34 Helen and Juan’s thoughts on the staff turnover paper Reading list: - Diagnostic accuracy of dipsticks for urinary tract infections in acutely hospitalised patients: a prospective population-based observational cohort study . - Nurse and doctor turnover and patient outcomes in NHS acute trusts in England: retrospective longitudinal study .…

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Talking Christmas evidence 2024 26:07

לפני 10 weeks26:07

26:07

In this special festive episode, Helen MacDonald, Juan Franco, and guest Tim Feeney discuss three intriguing themes from BMJ's 2024 Christmas edition: cognitive dysfunction in careers that require spatial cognition, and in large language models; the effectiveness of heated mittens on osteoarthritis hand symptoms; and a trial exploring just-in-time training for doctors. 00:40 Cognitive dysfunction and hippocampus stimulating jobs 07:00 Cognitive testing of large language models 10:30 Warming mittens for osteoarthritis 17:11 Coaching clinicians for high-stakes procedures Reading list Alzheimer’s disease mortality among taxi and ambulance drivers Age against the machine—susceptibility of large language models to cognitive impairment Effect of heated mittens on physical hand function in people with hand osteoarthritis Coaching inexperienced clinicians before a high stakes medical procedure…

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Starting to measure sustainability, and changes in breast cancer screening 28:35

לפני 30 weeks28:35

28:35

Measuring the carbon impact of healthcare interventions is essential if we're going to make the sector sustainable, however tracing all of the emmission from even a simple treatment can be tricky. Romi Haas, a research fellow at Monash Department of Clinical Epidemiology joins us to explain how it works, and how research could be more efficient. New U.S. guideline on breast cancer screening have been extended to women in their 40s - Katy Bell, from the University of Sydney, and Stacy Carter, from the University of Wollongong explain why the good intention of that change wont be mirrored in outcomes - and may even induce harm. Reading list: Clinician and health service interventions to reduce the greenhouse gas emissions generated by healthcare: a systematic review Breast cancer screening from age 40 in the US…

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The evidence on deprescribing 28:08

לפני 38 weeks28:08

28:08

It's a therapeutics evidence feast this month. We start with deprescribing in older adults - Anna Hung, assistant professor at the Duke University School of Medicine has written a summary of the evidence, and we discuss why there are so few trials on an important topic. Metformin is typically first line for type II diabetes, but what should be next? A new cohort study emulating a comparative effectiveness trial has been published, and the team discuss using observational data for this very common problem. Finally, a new trial on nirmaltrevir for covid 19 in those at higher risk of severe disease or those who are unvaccinated. Links BMJ - Deprescribing in older adults with polypharmacy BMJ - Comparative effectiveness of second line oral antidiabetic treatments among people with type 2 diabetes mellitus: emulation of a target trial using routinely collected health data NEJM - Nirmatrelvir for Vaccinated or Unvaccinated Adult Outpatients with Covid-19…

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Will semaglutide buck the trend of other weight loss drugs? 40:05

לפני 46 weeks40:05

40:05

Helen Macdonald, BMJ's publication ethics and content integrity editor, and Juan Franco, editor of BMJ EBM are back with another episode of Talk Evidence. This month, we'll be focussing on semaglutide, for managing obesity. Interviews with James Cave, editor-in-chief of Drug and Therapeutic Bulletin, and Lene Bull Christiansen, who has personal and professional experience with obesity, are featured. They discuss the history of drug therapies for obesity, and wonder if the wonderdrug semaglutide will turn out to be as disappointing. They discuss the evidence base for use of semaglutide, its effectiveness in weight management, and the broader societal issues surrounding obesity treatment. Next, the hosts delve into undisclosed financial conflicts of interest in the DSM-5, focusing on a study led by Lisa Cosgrove and colleagues. The study reveals significant ties between DSM-5 authors and pharmaceutical companies, raising concerns about industry influence on psychiatric diagnosis and treatment recommendations. The episode concludes with a discussion on survival rates after in-hospital cardiac arrest, based on a study using data from the Get With The Guidelines Resuscitation database. The hosts analyze the implications of the study findings for clinical practice and advanced care planning. Interview with James Cave: 00:03:15 Interview with Lene Bull Christiansen: 00:11:07 Interview with Lisa Cosgrove: 00:25:07 Survival after in-hospital cardiac arrest: 00:31:25 Reading list NEJM - Semaglutide and Cardiovascular Outcomes in Obesity without Diabetes DTB - Semaglutide: a new drug for the treatment of obesity BMJ - Undisclosed financial conflicts of interest in DSM-5-TR: cross sectional analysis BMJ - Duration of cardiopulmonary resuscitation and outcomes for adults with in-hospital cardiac arrest: retrospective cohort study…

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Insulin without refrigeration and the complexities of consent 40:31

לפני 1 year40:31

40:31

The December edition of the Talk Evidence podcast discusses the complexities of seeking consent from patients who are part of large data sets, and some new research to help patients living with diabetes in places without certain power supplies. First patient consent and data - in the UK, two stories that have made the public worry about the use of their health data. Firstly the news that UK biobank, who hold a lot of genomic and health data, allowed research by an insurance company, and second that the NHS has entered a contract with Palentir to do analysis on NHS data. Natalie Banner, director of ethics at Genomics England has been thinking hard about putting patients at the centre of decision making about their data, and explains why she thinks a sole reliance on a consent model falls short. Next, uncertain power supplies, such as in conflict or disaster zones, means uncertain refrigeration. Hard enough for most people to survive, but if you need to keep your insulin cold, it can be lifethreatening. However a new cochrane review has found good news about the thermostability of insulin at room temperature. We ask Phillipa Boulle, MSF Intersectional NCD Working Group Leader and Cyrine Farhat,is a global diabetes advocate based in Lebanon, how this will affect care for patients around the world. Reading list Thermal stability and storage of human insulin Outline 00:06 introduction and overview 00:24 the challenge of seeking consent in big data sets 01:34 understanding consent issues in large datasets 01:52 the role of participant panels in data accountability 02:44 the complexity of public attitudes towards data use 04:54 the importance of transparency and engagement in data use 05:48 the impact of external factors on public trust in data use 07:49 the ethical challenges of using health data 09:17 the limitations of consent in ethical discussions 09:23 the need for more conversation about group benefits, risks, and harms 10:41 the role of governance in ethical decision making 12:05 discussion on the interview with natalie banner 14:59 the challenge of managing chronic conditions in disaster zones 15:15 the impact of temperature and storage conditions on insulin 17:32 interview with Philippa Boulle from medecins sans frontieres 29:10 interview with Cyrine Farhat, a person living with diabetes in lebanon 36:18 discussion on the interviews and the challenges of diabetes management…

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Low carb and cancer screening 33:22

לפני 1 year33:22

33:22

Each episode of Talk Evidence we take a dive into an issue or paper which is in the news, with a little help from some knowledgeable guests to help us to understand what it all means for clinical care, policy, or research. In this episode: Helen Macdonald take a deep dive into cancer screening tests, prompted by a paper in JAMA which showed most have no effect on all cause mortality, and news that the NHS is evaluating a single test which screens for 50 common cancers - we ask Barry Kramer, former director of the Division of Cancer Prevention, at the U.S. National Cancer Institute to help explain how to hold those two pieces of knowledge. Juan Franco has been looking into diet and obesity, prompted by new research in The BMJ and a new Cochrane review, looking at the role of low glycemic index foods in weightloss - we ask Khadidja Chekima , nutritional researcher at Taylor’s University in Malaysia, to define low GI foods, and why it’s so hard to research their role in diet and weightloss Reading list; JAMA research - Estimated Lifetime Gained With Cancer Screening Tests; A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials The BMJ news - Clinicians raise concerns over pilot of blood test for multiple cancers The BMJ research - Association between changes in carbohydrate intake and long term weight changes: prospective cohort study Cochrane review - Low glycaemic index or low glycaemic load diets for people with overweight or obesity…

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Talking overdiagnosis 0:29

לפני 1 year0:29

0:29

In this month's Talk Evidence, Helen and Juan are reporting from Preventing Overdiagnosis - the conference that raises issues of diagnostic accuracy, and asks if starting the process of medicalisation is always the right thing to do for patients. In this episode, they talk about home testing, sustainability and screening. They're also joined by two guests to talk about the overdiagnosis of obesity - when that label is stigmatising and there seem to be few successful treatments that medicine can offer, and the need to educate students in the concepts of overdiagnosis and too much medicine, to create a culture change in medicine. Links; The Preventing Overdiagnosis conference The BMJ EBM papers on choosing wisely.…

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Ensuring the integrity of research, and the future of AI as authors 36:43

לפני 2 years36:43

36:43

In this month's Talk Evidence, we're getting a little meta - how do we keep an eye on research to make sure it's done with integrity. Helen Macdonald is BMJ's Publication ethics and content integrity editor - and we quiz her about what that actually means on a day to day basis. Ensuring the integrity of research could be made both easier, and harder, by the ascendance of large language models, Ian Mulvany, BMJ's chief technology officer joins us to talk about how we can harness the power of this new technology.…

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Talk Evidence - post pandemic pruning, breast cancer screening, and orphan drugs 36:43

לפני 2 years36:43

36:43

In this episode of Talk Evidence, Helen Macdonald, Joe Ross, and Juan Franco are back to update us on what's happening in the world of medical evidence. Firstly, the news about the end of the covid-19 pandemic was trumpeted, but the changes to research funding have been more quite - and the team discuss what this means for ongoing work to understand the effects of covid, but also in terms of preparedness for the next pandemic. Next, breast cancer screening recommendations, in the USA, have been reduced from women over the age of 50, to those over the age of 40. We discuss the modelling study which lead to that recommendation change, and what the consequence may be in terms of overdiagnosis. Finally, 40 years ago, the U.S. Orphan Drug act was passed to encourage the development of treatments for rare conditions - but new research looks at how many clinically useful drugs have come onto market, and an analysis examines the way in which the system could be gamed by narrowing disease definitions to create small populations of patients. Reading list Is the UK losing its world leading covid surveillance network just when it needs it most? Breast cancer: US recommends women start screening at 40 FDA approval, clinical trial evidence, efficacy, epidemiology, and price for non-orphan and ultra-rare, rare, and common orphan cancer drug indications…

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Talk Evidence - post pandemic pruning, breast cancer screening, and orphan drugs 36:43

לפני 2 years36:43

36:43

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Talk Evidence - cloning, reporting, and disseminating 47:02

לפני 2 years47:02

47:02

Helen Macdonald, Juan Franco, and Joe Ross are back with our monthly update on the world of evidence based medicine. This episode delves into new methodologies which can use observational data to emulate trial data. We discuss a new systematic review and meta-analysis of RCTs for surgical treatment of sciatica. There is elaboration and explanation of the CONSORT Harms 2022 statement - and we'll be asking if it goes far enough. Finally, the old chestnut of surrogate endpoints in cancer treatment trials - are benefits communicated to patients accurately? Reading list; Nirmatrelvir and risk of hospital admission or death in adults with covid-19: emulation of a randomized target trial using electronic health records - https://www.bmj.com/content/381/bmj-2022-073312 Surgical versus non-surgical treatment for sciatica https://www.bmj.com/content/381/bmj-2022-070730 CONSORT Harms 2022 statement, explanation, and elaboration https://www.bmj.com/content/381/bmj-2022-073725 Funders crack down on unpublished clinical trials—but is it enough? https://www.bmj.com/content/381/bmj.p840 Communication of anticancer drug benefits and related uncertainties to patients and clinicians https://www.bmj.com/content/380/bmj-2022-073711…

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Talk Evidence - automatic approval, evidence apps, and pay for performance data 39:32

לפני 2 years39:32

39:32

In this month’s Talk Evidence, Helen Macdonald, Juan Franco and Joseph Ross are back to talk us through some of the latest research, They’ll talk about pay-for-perfomance schemes, and whether the data they routinely collect is measuring outcomes or tickboxes. They’ll also talk about a new analysis published on bmj.com which suggests ways in which that data could be better. We’re also by Huseyin Naci, associate professor of health policy at the London School of Economics and Political Science, who will tell us about proposed changes to drug regulation in the UK - and we discuss research which has linked speedier regulatory approval to more adverse advents in post marketing studies. Finally, we talk about point of care apps. The availability of medical information in the clinic has changed practice, but how good is that information? We hear about research which has evaluated those point of care apps (including BMJ’s Best Practice app) and rates them against different criteria. Reading list Estimated impact from the withdrawal of primary care financial incentives on selected indicators of quality of care in Scotland https://www.bmj.com/content/380/bmj-2022-072098 How can we improve the quality of data collected in general practice? https://www.bmj.com/content/380/bmj-2022-071950# UK to give “near automatic sign off” for treatments approved by “trusted” regulators https://www.bmj.com/content/380/bmj.p633 Smartphone apps for point-of-care information summaries https://ebm.bmj.com/content/early/2023/03/14/bmjebm-2022-112146…

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Talk Evidence - masks, chronic pain, and baby milk formulae claims 38:00

לפני 2 years38:00

38:00

In this episode of Talk Evidence, Helen Macdonald is joined by Juan Franco and Joe Ross, to bring you the newest evidence in The BMJ. First, chronic pain. As prescribers move away from opioids, Juan finds an overview of systematic reviews asking whether anti-depressants might help. Joe finds new research on the link between six healthy lifestyle markers and cognitive decline. Helen looks at a trial to reduce prescribing among older people with suspected urinary tract infection or UTI. Juan has a nuanced take on the updated evidence on masks to reduce the spread of respiratory viruses. Finally, an international group of researchers traced the health claims made about infant formula milk back to the evidence or lack of it Reading list: Efficacy, safety, and tolerability of antidepressants for pain in adults https://www.bmj.com/content/380/bmj-2022-072415 Association between healthy lifestyle and memory decline in older adults https://www.bmj.com/content/380/bmj-2022-072691 Effect of a multifaceted antibiotic stewardship intervention to improve antibiotic prescribing for suspected urinary tract infections in frail older adults https://www.bmj.com/content/380/bmj-2022-072319 Physical interventions to interrupt or reduce the spread of respiratory viruses https://www.cochranelibrary.com/cdsr/doi/10.1002/14651858.CD006207.pub6/full Health and nutrition claims for infant formula https://www.bmj.com/content/380/bmj-2022-071075…

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